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Czech National Revival
Czech National Revival was a cultural movement, which took part in the Czech lands during the 18th and 19th century. The purpose of this movement was to revive Czech language, culture and national identity. The most prominent figures of the revival movement were Josef Dobrovský and Josef Jungmann.
==Background==
Following the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, Czech lands suffered from the Germanisation politics of the Habsburg Emperors.
The oppression was also connected with religion – up to 95% of the inhabitants of Bohemia were Protestants (''See Hussite'') when the Habsburgs took power. Although the Habsburgs formerly promised freedom of religion, they started rampant anti-reformation and re-catholization efforts which made most of the Czech elites flee the country. This violent re-catholization is also one of the reasons behind today's Czech atheism.
During the two following centuries the Czech language had been more or less eradicated from state administration, literature, schools, Charles University and among the upper classes. Large numbers of books written in Czech were burned for confessional reasons – for example, Jesuit Antonín Koniáš alone is credited with burning as many as 30,000 Czech language books. Gradually, the Czech language was reduced to a means of communication between peasants, who were often illiterate. Therefore, the Revival looked for inspiration among ordinary Czechs in the countryside.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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